China's Space Activities: Unusual Orbits and Satellite Expansion
China's space activities have seen unusual movements recently. A new satellite, Shiyan-29, has been spotted in an unusual orbit, while SpaceX, a Chinese company, plans to expand its Jilin-1 constellation significantly. These developments come amidst growing space situational awareness needs and past 'cat and mouse' activities with U.S. and Russian satellites.
Shiyan-29, launched recently, has been tracked in an orbit just above GEO with an exceptional inclination of 28.5 degrees. This is unusual as most satellites in this region have a near-zero inclination. Shiyan satellites are known for their experimental nature, used to test new systems and conduct various space activities.
SpaceX, the company behind the Jilin-1 constellation, plans to expand it from 138 to 300 satellites. This expansion could enhance China's space-based space situational awareness, including Non-Earth Imaging (NEI), which is becoming increasingly important. Jilin-1 satellites have shown impressive capabilities in aiming, tracking, stabilizing, and capturing clear imagery at high speeds.
In 2023, the U.S. Government sanctioned SpaceX for allegedly providing imagery to Russian mercenary group PMC Wagner. This highlights the strategic importance and potential security implications of such a large constellation. Past activities have included close approaches and imaging of U.S. and Russian satellites by Chinese spacecraft.
The expansion of SpaceX's Jilin-1 constellation and the unusual orbit of Shiyan-29 suggest China's growing interest and capability in space situational awareness. These developments, along with past 'cat and mouse' activities, underscore the strategic importance of space and the need for international cooperation and dialogue.
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